World Happiness Report for Vanuatu 2024
- Overall Happiness Rank Vanuatu: na
- Happiness Score Vanuatu:na
Happiness is a subjective concept that has long been debated by philosophers, psychologists, and economists alike. However, in recent years, there has been a growing interest in quantifying happiness and using it as a measure of a nation’s overall well-being. This is where the concept of the Happiness Index comes into play.
What is the Happiness Index?
The Happiness Index is a measure that attempts to quantify the overall happiness and life satisfaction of a country’s population. It is based on the idea that traditional economic indicators, such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), do not fully capture the overall well-being of a society. The Happiness Index takes into account various factors that contribute to an individual’s sense of happiness and life satisfaction, including social support, freedom to make life choices, healthy life expectancy, and perceptions of corruption.
How is the Happiness Index Calculated?
The Happiness Index is calculated through a combination of subjective and objective data. The primary source of data is the Gallup World Poll, which is a survey conducted in over 160 countries. The survey asks respondents to rate their overall life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, with 0 being the worst possible life and 10 being the best possible life.
In addition to the life satisfaction score, the Happiness Index also takes into account the following factors:
- GDP per capita: This is a measure of a country’s economic output and standard of living.
- Social support: This factor measures the extent to which individuals have supportive relationships and love in their lives.
- Healthy life expectancy: This is a measure of the number of years an individual is expected to live in good health.
- Freedom to make life choices: This factor measures the extent to which individuals are able to make decisions about their lives without external constraints.
- Generosity: This factor measures the extent to which individuals engage in charitable activities and donate to others.
- Perceptions of corruption: This factor measures the extent to which individuals perceive their society to be free from corruption.
These factors are weighted and combined to produce an overall Happiness Index score for each country.
What Does the Happiness Index Affect?
The Happiness Index has significant implications for policymaking and societal well-being. Countries with higher Happiness Index scores are generally considered to have better overall quality of life and well-being for their citizens. This can have positive impacts on various aspects of society, including:
- Economic productivity: Happier individuals tend to be more productive and engaged in their work, which can contribute to a country’s economic growth.
- Public health: Higher levels of happiness and life satisfaction are associated with better physical and mental health outcomes, which can reduce healthcare costs and improve overall well-being.
- Social cohesion: Societies with higher levels of happiness tend to have stronger social bonds and lower levels of conflict and crime.
- Environmental sustainability: Happier individuals may be more likely to engage in environmentally-friendly behaviors and support policies that promote sustainability.
By focusing on the factors that contribute to happiness and well-being, policymakers can develop strategies to improve the overall quality of life for their citizens. The Happiness Index provides a valuable tool for measuring progress and identifying areas where improvements can be made.
Short information
- Abbreviation of Vanuatu. VU.
Vanuatu is a Pacific island country known for its unique blend of Melanesian, Polynesian, and Micronesian cultures.
- Vanuatu is a parliamentary democracy with a President as the head of state and a Prime Minister as the head of government.
- The country is famous for its land diving ritual, where men jump from tall wooden towers with vines tied to their ankles as a rite of passage.
- Vanuatu’s economy is largely based on agriculture, tourism, and offshore financial services.
Vanuatu – A Comprehensive Overview
History and Background
Early History: The archipelago of Vanuatu was first inhabited by Melanesian people around 2,000 BC. The earliest settlers were traders and agriculturalists who developed distinct cultural traditions on the islands.
Kingdoms and Empires: Various kingdoms and chiefdoms emerged on different islands, but there was no unified empire that controlled the entire territory.
Colonial Period: Vanuatu, formerly known as the New Hebrides, was jointly colonized by France and Britain in 1906. The two nations agreed to an Anglo-French Condominium that governed the islands together until independence.
Independence and Modern Era: After years of resistance and demands for self-governance, Vanuatu gained independence from Britain and France on July 30, 1980. The country faced numerous challenges in its early years, including political instability and economic difficulties.
Current Political Situation: Vanuatu is a parliamentary republic with a democratically elected government. The current Prime Minister is Ishmael Kalsakau, who took office in 2022 following general elections.
International Relations: Vanuatu maintains good relationships with its neighbors and is a member of regional organizations like the Pacific Islands Forum and the Melanesian Spearhead Group. It has close ties with Australia and New Zealand.
Human Development and Economy: Vanuatu’s economy is largely based on agriculture, tourism, and offshore financial services. The country faces challenges in terms of poverty, access to education, and healthcare. However, it has made progress in promoting sustainable development.
Cultural Highlights: Vanuatu is known for its rich cultural diversity, with each island having its unique traditions, languages, and customs. The country is renowned for its vibrant music, dance, and art forms, as well as its unique traditional ceremonies and festivals.
Key Challenges and Opportunities: Vanuatu faces challenges related to climate change, natural disasters, and sustainable development. Opportunities include further developing its tourism industry, promoting renewable energy, and leveraging its cultural heritage for economic growth.
Travel Tips for Vanuatu
Best Time to Visit: The ideal time to visit Vanuatu is between May and October, which is the dry season with lower humidity and cooler temperatures.
Cultural Etiquette: Respect local customs, such as dressing modestly, seeking permission before entering villages, and being mindful of traditional beliefs and practices.
Safety Precautions: While generally safe, take precautions against petty crime in urban areas and be cautious when participating in adventure activities.
Must-See Landmarks: Visit the capital city of Port Vila, explore the volcanic landscapes of Tanna Island, dive or snorkel the pristine reefs, and experience traditional villages on islands like Malekula and Ambrym.
Culinary Experiences: Try local dishes like lap lap (a vegetable pudding), fresh seafood, and tropical fruits. Sample kava, the traditional ceremonial drink.
Living in Vanuatu
Cost of Living: The cost of living in Vanuatu is relatively high compared to some other Pacific Island nations, with housing and imported goods being expensive.
Housing: Expats often choose to live in Port Vila or on popular tourist islands. Options range from apartments and houses to beachfront villas.
Healthcare: Healthcare facilities are limited, with most major hospitals and clinics located in Port Vila. Expats typically rely on private healthcare or travel to Australia or New Zealand for complex medical treatments.
Education: There are a few international schools in Port Vila, but options for higher education are limited within the country.
Lifestyle: Vanuatu offers a laid-back island lifestyle with a strong focus on community and traditional practices. Outdoor activities like diving, hiking, and fishing are popular.
Cultural Norms and Legal Requirements: Respect local customs and traditions, especially in rural areas. Obtain the necessary visas and work permits for long-term stays.
Doing Business in Vanuatu
Business Culture: Business in Vanuatu is generally informal and relationship-driven. Building trust and personal connections is essential.
Economic Climate: The economy is heavily reliant on tourism, agriculture, and offshore financial services. Opportunities exist in these sectors, as well as in renewable energy and sustainable development.
Key Industries: Major industries include tourism, agriculture (coconut, beef, cocoa), offshore financial services, and fishing.
Legal Frameworks: Vanuatu has a legal system based on English common law and French civil law. Foreign investors should seek legal counsel to navigate business regulations and tax laws.
Negotiation and Relationships: Negotiations can be slow-paced, and patience is essential. Building relationships with local partners and authorities is crucial for successful business operations.
Studying in Vanuatu
Educational System: Vanuatu has a decentralized education system, with primary and secondary schools managed by local communities and churches. The University of the South Pacific has a campus in Port Vila.
Top Universities: The University of the South Pacific’s Emalus Campus in Port Vila is the main higher education institution in Vanuatu, offering undergraduate and postgraduate programs in various fields.
Student Life: Student life in Vanuatu revolves around campus activities, sports, and exploring the island’s natural beauty. Access to entertainment and nightlife is limited compared to larger cities.
Visa Requirements: International students will need to obtain a student visa and meet the necessary requirements, such as proof of enrollment and financial support.
Opportunities for International Students: Opportunities exist for studying subjects related to sustainable development, environmental management, and tourism, as well as programs that leverage Vanuatu’s unique cultural heritage and natural resources.
Main facts
1. Location
Vanuatu is a Pacific island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Australia. It lies to the east of northern Australia, west of Fiji, and southeast of the Solomon Islands.
2. Map References
Vanuatu is situated in the Melanesian region of Oceania.
3. Area – Comparative
Vanuatu is slightly larger than the state of Connecticut in the United States.
4. Land Boundaries and Border Countries
Vanuatu is an archipelago nation with no land boundaries.
5. Coastline
Vanuatu has a total coastline of 2,528 km, with many beautiful beaches and coral reefs.
6. Maritime Claims
Vanuatu claims the following maritime zones:
Territorial Sea: 12 nautical miles
Exclusive Economic Zone: 200 nautical miles
Continental Shelf: 200 nautical miles or to the edge of the continental margin
7. Climate
Vanuatu has a tropical maritime climate with constant high temperatures and high humidity. The average temperature ranges from 20°C to 32°C throughout the year, with a cooler season from April to October and a hotter season from November to March.
8. Terrain
Vanuatu is predominantly mountainous and of volcanic origin, with narrow coastal plains. The terrain consists of high volcanic islands with rugged mountains, deep valleys, and narrow coastal plains.
9. Elevation Extremes
Highest Point: Mount Tabwemasana, 1,877 meters
Lowest Point: Pacific Ocean, 0 meters
10. Natural Resources
Vanuatu’s main natural resources include manganese, hardwood forests, and fish.
11. Major Bodies of Water
Vanuatu has no major rivers or lakes, but it is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean.
12. Natural Hazards
Vanuatu is located in the “Ring of Fire” and is prone to volcanic activity, earthquakes, cyclones, and tsunamis.
13. Geography – Notes
Vanuatu is an environmentally sensitive area with a high degree of biodiversity and rich marine ecosystems. Its location in the Pacific Ocean’s cyclone belt and its volcanic geography make it highly vulnerable to natural disasters.
- Forest Area (% of land area): 36.10%. This is the percentage of a country’s total land area that is covered by natural or planted forests.
- Co2 Emissions: 147. CO2 emissions refer to the release of carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy production, transportation, and industrial processes.
- Agricultural Land( %). 15.30%. Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable and used for cultivating crops or raising livestock.
- Geographic Coordinates: -15.376706166.959158.
- Capital: The capital of Vanuatu is Port Vila
- Major Cities:
- Port Vila – Population: 44,040
- Luganville – Population: 16,312
- Norsup – Population: 2,998
- Isangel – Population: 1,643
- Population: 299,882
- Area(Km2): 12189
- Population Density( P/Km²):25. This is the number of people living per square kilometer of land area in a given region or country.
- Calling Code:678
- Official Language(s):Vanuatu is Bislama (23%), English (2%), and French (1%).
- Currency: VUV
Main Economic Indicators
Vanuatu is a small island economy in the South Pacific Ocean with a narrow export base, primarily focused on agriculture, tourism, and offshore financial services. Its small population of approximately 300,000 and remoteness from major markets pose significant economic challenges. The country relies heavily on development aid, remittances, and tourism to drive economic growth and development. Agriculture, fishing, and forestry are key economic sectors, and the government has implemented policies to promote diversification and sustainable development.
Inflation Rate (Consumer Prices)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.1% (2021 est.), 3.2% (2020 est.)
Source: CIA World Factbook
Credit Ratings
Vanuatu does not have a sovereign credit rating from major agencies like Fitch, Moody’s, and Standard & Poor’s.
GDP – Composition by Sector of Origin
Agriculture: 22.8% (2017 est.)
Industry: 11.6% (2017 est.)
Services: 65.6% (2017 est.)
Key Agricultural and Industrial Products
Agricultural products: coconuts, copra, kava, beef, cocoa, pork, vegetables, eggs, bananas, fresh fruit
Industrial products: food and fish freezing, wood processing, meat canning
Labor Force
Total labor force: 121,800 (2007 est.)
Comparative ranking: not available
Current Account Balance
Current account balance: -$42 million (2017 est.)
Comparative ranking: not available
Exports and Imports
Exports: $54.8 million (2017 est.)
Key export partners: Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, China
Main exports: copra, beef, cocoa, timber, kava
Imports: $313.1 million (2017 est.)
Key import partners: Australia, Singapore, China, New Zealand, Fiji
Main imports: machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, fuels
Reserves of Foreign Exchange and Gold
Foreign exchange reserves: $216.2 million (2017 est.)
Gold reserves: not available
- GDP (Current US$):$917,058,851. It represents a country’s gross domestic product measured in current US dollars. Higher values indicate a larger economy and economic output.
- Tax Revenue (% of GDP): 17.80%. It refers to the amount of tax revenue collected by the government, expressed as a percentage of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP). Higher values indicate a higher tax burden relative to the size of the economy.
- Total Tax Rate (% of commercial profits): 8.50%. This is the sum of all taxes payable by businesses, expressed as a percentage of their commercial profits. Higher values indicate a higher tax burden on businesses.
- Gasoline Price. $1.31. It refers to the cost of one liter or gallon of gasoline/petrol. Higher values indicate more expensive gasoline prices for consumers and businesses.
- Minimum wage. $1.56. It refers to the lowest legally mandated hourly wage that employers must pay their workers. Higher values indicate a higher minimum level of pay for low-wage workers.
- Unemployment Rate (%): 4.39%. It represents the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment. Higher values indicate more joblessness in the economy.
Social Indicators
1. National Identity
Nationality: noun – Ni-Vanuatu, Vanuatuan; adjective – Ni-Vanuatu, Vanuatuan
2. Ethnic Groups
- Ni-Vanuatu 94.5%
- Other 5.5%
3. Religions
- Protestant 70% (Presbyterian 27.9%, Anglican 15.1%, Seventh-Day Adventist 12.5%, Assemblies of God 4.7%, Church of Christ 4.5%, other 5.3%)
- Roman Catholic 12.4%
- Customary beliefs 3.7% (including Jon Frum cargo cult)
- Other 12.6%
- None 1.1%
- Unspecified 0.2%
4. Age Structure
- 0-14 years: 35.22% (male 59,553/female 57,058)
- 15-64 years: 61.06% (male 103,445/female 99,264)
- 65 years and over: 3.72% (male 5,458/female 6,992)
5. Dependency Ratios
Total dependency ratio: 63.7
Youth dependency ratio: 57.7
Elderly dependency ratio: 6
6. Median Age
Total: 21.6 years
Male: 21.3 years
Female: 21.9 years
7. Lifestyle Indicators
- Obesity rate: 25.9% (2016)
- Alcohol consumption: 1.1 liters of pure alcohol per capita per year (2010)
- Tobacco use: 24.7% of adults aged 15 and over (2020)
- Life Expectancy at Birth: 70.3. Life Expectancy at Birth refers to the estimated average number of years a newborn is expected to live based on current mortality rates. Higher values indicate better health outcomes and living conditions in a country or region.
- Literacy Rate (% of adults): 71%. It refers to the percentage of the population aged 15 and above who can read and write with understanding of a short simple statement about their everyday life. Higher literacy rates indicate better educational attainment within a population.
- Birth Rate:29.6. Birth Rate is the total number of live births per 1,000 population in a given year. Higher birth rates indicate a larger share of the population being born each year.
- Death Rate:5. Death Rate is the number of deaths per 1,000 population in a given year. Higher death rates indicate more people dying annually within a population.
- Fertility Rate: 3.78. Fertility Rate is the average number of children a woman would have over her reproductive years based on current birth rates. Higher fertility rates indicate larger family sizes and population growth.
- Internet Users (% of population): 22.3%. Internet Users (% of population) refers to the percentage of the total population in a country or region that has access to and uses the internet. Higher values indicate greater internet penetration and connectivity among the population.
- Urban Population: 76,152. Urban Population refers to the percentage or number of people living in urban areas or cities within a country or region. Higher urban population values indicate greater urbanization and concentration of people in cities compared to rural areas.
- Out of Pocket Health Expenditure (% of total health expenditure):8.90%. Out of Pocket Health Expenditure (% of total health expenditure) represents the portion of total health care costs that individuals pay directly out of their own pockets, rather than being covered by insurance or government programs. Higher values indicate greater personal financial burden for health care expenses.
Infrastructure and Services
Military and Security Forces
Vanuatu Mobile Force serves as the country’s paramilitary force and is responsible for national defense and internal security. It consists of a ground force unit and a maritime wing (Vanuatu Police Maritime Wing).
The Vanuatu Police Force maintains internal security and law enforcement responsibilities.
Military Expenditures
Military spending as a percentage of GDP:
- 2018: 0.0%
- 2017: 0.0%
- 2016: 0.0%
- 2015: 0.0%
- 2014: 0.0%
Vanuatu has no standing military force and therefore has minimal to no military expenditures.
Personnel Strengths
Active Military Personnel: 0 (no standing military)
Vanuatu Mobile Force: Approximately 200 personnel
Vanuatu Police Force: Approximately 650 personnel
Military Equipment Inventories and Acquisitions
Vanuatu has no major military equipment or acquisitions due to the absence of a standing military force.
Military Service Age and Obligation
Vanuatu has no military service obligations or conscription policies.
Military Deployments
Vanuatu has no overseas military deployments.
Strategic Military Notes
As a small island nation with no standing military, Vanuatu relies on the Vanuatu Mobile Force for national defense and internal security purposes. The country has no significant strategic military objectives or alliances.
Vanuatu’s security priorities are focused on maintaining internal stability, disaster response, and participating in regional security initiatives through organizations like the Pacific Islands Forum.
- Armed Forces Size: . Armed Forces Size refers to the total number of active personnel serving in a country’s military forces, including the army, navy, air force, and other branches. Higher values indicate a larger military presence and personnel.
- Physicians per Thousand: Number of doctors per 1,000 people is 0.17
- Population: Labor Force Participation (%): 69.90%. This is the percentage of the total population aged 15 and older that is economically active, meaning they are either employed or actively seeking employment. Higher values indicate a greater proportion of the working-age population engaged in the labor force.